A farmer went out to sow his seed. As he was scattering the seed, some fell along the path, and the birds came and ate it up. Some fell on rocky places, where it did not have much soil. It sprang up quickly, because the soil was shallow. But when the sun came up, the plants were scorched, and they withered because they had no root. Other seed fell among thorns, which grew up and choked the plants. Still other seed fell on good soil, where it produced a crop—a hundred, sixty or thirty times what was sown. Whoever has ears, let them hear.
Infant Mortality in the United States, 1915-2017: Large Social Inequalities have Persisted for Over a Century
"The IMR in the US showed a consistently downward trend between 1915 and 2000, with the rate declining from 99.9 per 1,000 live births in 1916 to 6.9 in 2000, at an impressive pace of 3.1% per year (Figure 2). However, between 2001 and 2017, the IMR declined more slowly from 6.8 in 2001 to 5.8 in 2017, at an annual rate of 1.3%."
Again, Policy feedback:
- Generosity
- Duration
- Administrative control
- Coalition potential
- and Timing
The Road to Medicaid
- 1935: FDR signs the Social Security Act. In addition to benefits for the elderly, the Act establishes key social-welfare programs including:
- Unemployment insurance;
- Aid to the blind and "crippled children;"
- Aid to Dependent Children (later AFDC, aka "welfare");
- Public health.
- 1945: In a special message to Congress, President Harry Truman proposes a comprehensive, prepaid medical insurance plan for all people through the Social Security system.
- 1963: Mollie Orshansky publishes the first version of poverty thresholds, which would become the "poverty line."
- 1965: President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Social Security Act Amendments of 1965 in the presence of Truman. The law establishes both Medicare and Medicaid.
- 1966: Rocky! moves the Overton Window.
- 1972: Medicaid Eligibility for Elderly, Blind, and Disabled Individuals Linked to Supplemental Security Income (SSI) Eligibility. Provides a uniform baseline income for eligibility to Medicaid, in conjunction with eligibility for SSI.
- 1981 Congress establishes home and community-based care waivers in Medicaid.
- 1982: Arizona: The Last State to Opt into Medicaid and the First with Statewide Managed Care
- 2010: Obama signs the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), for the first time prohibiting health insurance companies from denying or charging more for coverage based on an individual’s health status, providing for expansion of the Medicaid program, and subsidies for insurance purchased through State-based Marketplaces to ensure that private insurance is affordable.
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